Rayonnement ultraviolet (UV) et ses applications industrielles dans le traitement de l'eau et l'assainissement.

Abstract

Drinking water and wastewater must be disinfected to respect microbial load standards. The main objective of disinfection is to reduce the concentration of pathogens (bacteria, viruses and protozoa) in the water to levels below the infection limits. Disinfection can be carried out by thermal (thermal pasteurization, solar pasteurization), physical (filtration, ultrasound, ultraviolet radiation) or chemical means (chlorination, addition, ozone, enzymes, …). Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation that inactivates pathogens present in water in the following order: protozoa, bacteria, bacterial spores, viruses and bacteriophages. In this work, a small research was carried out on the operating principle of UV, the history of UV water disinfection, the key factors of UV water disinfection, the design of a UV disinfection system, a comparison between UV and other disinfection processes as well as UV-based advanced oxidation processes.