Hydrologie des lacs, cas du lac Fetzara (w. Annaba).

Abstract

This study is part of the integrated management of water resources, it was conducted in the watershed of Lake Fetzara; RAMSAR listed site since 2003, located 18 km from the capital of the Wilaya of Annaba, where issues related to the exploitation of water resources are critical and the availability of relevant data is low. The main objective is to establish a monograph on the hydrology of the lake, which belongs to an ungauged catchment, assessment of solid and liquid intake and the frequency analysis of flows and flood hydrographs was made subject to approaches that rely almost exclusively, in this case, information on rainfall which has imposed a critical view and control of the latter. A model of annual water balance of Lake Fetzara a is developed for two periods 1986/1996 and 2001/2006, We evaluated the part called "input" that boils down to the lake precipitation and runoff in the watershed to the lake, and the "output" which is represented by evaporation. The results revealed that the existence of Lake Fetzara depends on a delicate balance between water inflow and evaporation. The determination of the water balance allows to highlight the character of this semi-arid region by the existence of a significant rainfall deficit coupled with aggravating climate data (high irradiation, high temperature ...). The results presented in this work are useful for planning, protection and management of water resources in this region of Algeria.